Biology

Food contains nutrients (raw materials) needed for energy, growth and repair, and for health. The nutrients are: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals. Nutrition information labels can tell us how much of each nutrient can be eaten in a day (reference intake) and how much of that nutrient is in the particular food.

Levels of organisation: Individual → Population → Community → Ecosystem → Biome → Biosphere •An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in relation with the non-living components of their environment (things like air, water and mineral soil), interacting as a system.

•Being fit can be defined as the ability of a body to cope with all the demands of its lifestyle. •Fitness is made up of four factors: 4 S-factors:

All living things make more of themselves by reproduction. Fertilization Fertilization is the fusion of the male and female cell nuclei to form a zygote. Adaptations of male and female gametes for fertilization Sperm cells have these adaptations: